Within several hours, the defenders were forced to retreat to the town's southernmost tip. The main contingent of the attacking force was primarily infantry, but was complemented by at least four tanks and two attack helicopters. Il 26 gennaio 1992 le forze azerbaigiane di stanza a Shusha circondarono e attaccarono il vicino villaggio armeno Karintak (che si trova sulla strada da Shusha a Stepanakert) nel tentativo di catturarlo. [33], Armenia's western neighbor, Turkey, took umbrage after Armenian troops had captured the town. Armenian military commanders based in Nagorno-Karabakh's capital of Stepanakert had been contemplating the capture of the town after Azerbaijani shelling of Stepanakert. ... For his part, Huseynov forgets that Artsakh has been an integral part of the Armenian heartland for 2,500 years, 1,500 years before the first marauding Turkic barbarians arrived in the region from Central Asia. "Con grande orgoglio e gioia, vi informo che la città di Shusha è stata liberata", ha detto Aliyev. Western authors reported several major shipments of weapons from Turkey, including bringing an arsenal of Soviet-made arms from the former East Germany. The plan was developed in top secrecy. Gli azeri, che avevano scatenato l’offensiva con la pretesa di strappare agli armeni l’intero Nagorno-Karabakh, hanno accettato l’accordo di pace poche ore dopo aver conseguito un successo militare rilevante (ma non definitivo) e al tempo stesso simbolico con la conquista di Shusha. Nonetheless, the Turkish army and intelligence services launched undercover operations to supply Azerbaijan with arms and military personnel. Nella mattinata del 9 maggio le forze armene avevano definitivamente conquistato la città.[7]. Two of the tank's crew members were killed but Avsharyan survived. La città fu teatro di aspri scontri durante il conflitto degli anni ’90 e dalle sue coline permette di tenere sotto tiro … [31] In a television interview in 2000, Basayev discounted these theories and contended that the town's defenders had simply abandoned their positions. L'attacco doveva iniziare il 4 maggio, ma per vari motivi (mancanza di munizioni, condizioni meteorologiche avverse, ecc.) At the battle-scarred Ghazanchetsots Cathedral they found that the Azerbaijanis had converted it into a storage area for the GRAD ammunition. Caos caucasico. Shusha sits on a mountaintop overlooking the NKR's highly populated capital, Stepanakert (just 5 km away), from an elevation of 600m. The battle took place in the strategically important mountain town of Shusha on the evening of May 8, 1992, and fighting swiftly concluded the next day after Armenian forces captured it and drove out the defending Azerbaijanis . Viene indicata dagli armeni come Liberazione di Shushi (armeno: Շուշիի ազատագրում Shushii azatagrum) e dagli azeri come Occupazione di Shusha (azero: Şuşanın işğalı). Le truppe delle forze di Orujev riuscirono a respingere i primi armeni che scalarono le rupi della città. [37], The parade was headed by the Nagorno-Karabakh Defense Army's first deputy commander, Major General Movses Hakobyan. Collocata in altura, tra i 1400 e i 1800 metri, era divenuta quindi una importante roccaforte militare dalla quale controllare le vallate sottostanti e in particolare la piana dove sorgeva, a circa cinque chilometri di distanza in linea d'aria, Stepanakert. Several days following the offensive, Armenian forces launched an attack in the region of Lachin and opened up a five-mile corridor connecting the enclave to Armenia proper. Prosegue ormai da diverse settimane il conflitto ripreso dopo la lunga guerra del 94. The military order of Shusha seizure was signed on May 4, 1992 with the following details: 1. Un missile guidato arriva al T-72 NKR. 1360 – Guerra edoardiana: viene firmato il trattato di Brétigny tra Giovanni II di Francia ed Edoardo III d’Inghilterra 1429 – Guerra dei cent’anni: Giovanna d’Arco, alla testa delle armate francesi, pone fine all’assedio di Orléans, liberando la città dall’esercito inglese e segnando il passaggio dalla terza alla quarta fase della guerra 1479 – Papa […] Androulakis response was immediate. fu ritardato. The battle took place in the strategically important mountain town of Shusha on the evening of May 8, 1992, and fighting swiftly concluded the next day after Armenian forces captured it and drove out the defending Azerbaijanis. La battaglia di Shushi, fu uno dei più importanti eventi bellici nel corso della guerra del Nagorno Karabakh al punto da influenzarne significativamente l'esito finale. Furthermore, according to military conventions and practices, for the operation to be successful, the attacking party should outnumber the defenders by at least 3 – 4 times (even more when attacking an elevation), while the NKR Detachments simply did not have such manpower at the time. Shusha was the most important military stronghold that Azerbaijan held in Nagorno-Karabakh – its loss marked a turning point in the war, and led to a series of military victories by Armenian forces in the course of the conflict. [25] Since late February, the Azerbaijani military had been reinforcing Shusha's ridge and ammunition, and had been shuttling in helicopters in order to evacuate the town's civilian population. La conquista della città rappresenterebbe un'importante vittoria strategica per l'Azerbaigian sui separatisti armeni della regione. Battaglia di Shushi Battaglia di Shushi (1992) - combattuta tra l'8 e il 9 maggio 1992 nell'ambito della Guerra del Nagorno Karabakh Battaglia di Shushi (2020) - combattuta tra il 4 e il 7 novembre 2020 nell'ambito della Guerra nell'Artsakh del 2020 In the twilight hours of May 8, Ter-Tadevosyan directed his forces to assail Shusha from different directions and attack it from the flanks and its rear to avoid the ridge facing Stepanakert, which was the town's most easily defendable location. By one tally recorded in early April, a total of 157 rockets had landed on the city in a single day. Gli avversari; Il Giappone moderno; La rivolta in Cina; Il preludio; L'Italia nella battaglia; La flotta russa; Obici e corazze; Le avvisaglie Dubbed "flying telephone poles" due to their long, shaped charges, the missiles caused devastating damage to buildings including the destruction of residential houses, schools, the city's silk factory, and its maternity hospital. After the Soviet Union collapsed in 1991, the Armenians and Azerbaijanis vied to take control of Karabakh with full-scale battles in the winter of 1992. Questa è una pagina di disambiguazione; se sei giunto qui cliccando un collegamento, puoi tornare indietro e correggerlo, indirizzandolo direttamente alla voce giusta. The two peoples are ethnically and culturally related. Inoltre, secondo le convenzioni e le pratiche militari, affinché l'operazione avesse successo, la parte attaccante avrebbe dovuto essere almeno tre o quattro volte più numerosa dei difensori. A causa della vicinanza delle forze attaccanti, i lanciatori GRAD erano tuttavia in gran parte inutili nel loro ruolo di difesa della città. By May 9 the Armenian forces were firmly in control of Shusha. Demirel however decided not to heed their calls partly because the commander of the CIS forces based in Caucasus, Yevgeny Shaposhnikov had warned that such an incursion would lead to "the verge of a third world war, and that cannot be allowed. While they were staved off numerous times, the city's leaders complained that military action had to be taken to relieve it from the continuous bombardment. L’altezza imponente che la città occupa ha permesso alle forze azere, fintanto che la tenevano in quella guerra, di bombardare facilmente la vicina capitale di Stepanakert. … [16], The plan was put together in March – April 1992, after the intelligence data about the location, positions and the number of the rival forces had been finalized. [35], After the war ended, Avsharyan's T-72 tank was recovered and repaired and currently stands as a monument in Shusha. Nagorno-Karabakh Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Con questa vittoria contro la flotta russa, il Giappone si afferma come nazione egemone dell'Asia Orientale e si impone all'attenzione mondiale come grande potenza militare. [6] Baku ha dichiarato lunedì di essersi impossessata di numerosi insediamenti nel Nagorno-Karabakh, il giorno successivo alla proclamazione della vittoria nella battaglia di Shusha, la seconda città per grandezza dell’enclave. Marauders and vandals burnt much of the city to the ground. Category:Battle of Şuşa (2020) From Wikimedia Commons, the free media repository. [16][17][18] The Armenians to date celebrate the self-defence of Karintak as one of their early and most decisive victories. 1997 – Il volo China Southern Airlines 3456 si schianta in atterraggio nell’aeroporto di Shenzhen-Bao’an, causando la morte di 35 persone. Fu la prima vittoria dell'armata francese in Egitto, prima della battaglia delle Piramidi (21 luglio 1798). Le forze azere come saprete, hanno mantenuto finora l’iniziativa, la scelta strategica le ha portate ad inoltrarsi nel territorio a sud, lungo il confine con l’Iran. Battaglia di Shusha (1992) - Battle of Shusha (1992) Da Wikipedia, l'enciclopedia libera . [35], Simultaneously, Turkey was engaged in overt intimidation of Armenia. After this debacle, Mekhtiev left Shusha and was fired as defence minister. An old fortress with high walls, the town is five kilometers (four miles) to the south of Stepanakert and perched on a mountaintop with limited vehicular access. “A un soffio dalla morte: un razzo turco colpisce un carro armato del Karabakh nella battaglia di Shusha. In the meantime, the forces would encircle and cut off the town from further reinforcements. The enemy holds the surrounding positions. [28] By the evening of May 8, Armenian forces destroyed three of the GRAD launchers and captured the remainder of the battery. News of the Armenian offensive led Mamedov to charge that Armenia had already failed to honor the cease-fire. [30], On the day of the Armenian victory, Armenian president Levon Ter-Petrosyan and then acting Azerbaijani president Yagub Mamedov were present in Tehran, Iran to sign a cease-fire agreement. Orujev's men were bolstered by a Chechen volunteer contingent led by guerrilla warlord Shamil Basayev, who were among the last to leave the city.[26]. [6] After capture of the town, many Armenians came to the city for looting. The battle was preceded by the controversial capture of the town and the location of Karabakh's only airport in Khojaly by Armenians in February 1992. Pertanto, un attacco diretto delle forze armene non era un'opzione praticabile per Dalibaltayan. [21], Altogether, over 2,000 civilians were killed and thousands more injured in the bombardment in 1992; moreover, the city's infrastructure was completely devastated with the destruction of sewage networks, water pipes, gas and electricity. The capture of the town proved decisive. The offensive prompted two attacks by Azerbaijan's military. [32], The city has become one of the central items involved in the negotiating process in peace talks since the war ended in 1994. Mekhtiev was ambushed and up to seventy Azerbaijani soldiers died. In a course of one week the city was bombed with over 1,000 shells (800 of which were reactive shells). Black Garden: Armenia and Azerbaijan Through Peace and War, "Şuşanın işğalı ilə bağlı beynəlxalq təşkilatlara bəyanat ünvanlanıb", "Шуша - цитадель Карабаха: почему она важна для азербайджанцев и армян", “Нам сказали, что азербайджанцы придут и перебьют нас. Casualty counts were estimated to have been over a hundred on both sides. Prima che venisse lanciata l'offensiva contro la cittadella di Shusha, le forze di Ter-Tadevosyan lanciarono inoltre raffiche di artiglieria da diverse direzioni per diverse settimane al fine di "ammorbidire" le difese della città. Aliyev è stato subito smentito dal governo armeno, secondo cui invece la battaglia continua. After regrouping of forces to advance to Lisagor and Zarslu and to immediately start the attack in four directions: To defeat the enemy from Stepanakert side at three Shusha edges, then to destroy the enemy and liberate Shusha.[24]. La città fu teatro di aspri scontri durante il conflitto degli anni ’90 e dalle sue coline permette di tenere sotto tiro … [20] By early 1992 the bombing intensified. Traduzioni in contesto per "commanded a" in inglese-italiano da Reverso Context: General Crook commanded a third column that departed Fort Fetterman to head north. [12] However, some of the shelling was, according to the accounts of former residents, either indiscriminate or intentionally aimed at civilian targets. Situazione Operativa sui fronti dell’Artsakh dal 8-11 al 10-11. La battaglia di Shushi, fu uno dei più importanti eventi bellici nel corso della guerra del Nagorno Karabakh al punto da influenzarne significativamente l'esito finale. [22] In an article that appeared in TIME in April 1992, it was noted that "scarcely a single building [had] escaped damage in Stepanakert."[20]. Viene indicata dagli armeni come Liberazione di Shushi (armeno: Շուշիի ազատագրում Shushii azatagrum) e dagli azeri come Occupazione di Shusha (azero: Şuşanın işğalı). Con l'intensificarsi dei bombardamenti, almeno 20.000 abitanti su una popolazione di circa 70.000 fuggirono, mentre i restanti vivevano rifugiati negli scantinati. Avsharyan's tank was armed with HEAT rounds, which were ineffective against heavily armored tanks. Instead, in conjunction with the commander who would lead the troops into Shusha, Arkady "Komandos" Ter-Tadevosyan, they devised a strategy of launching several diversionary attacks against the adjacent villages to draw out the town's defenders. The festivities included a military parade in Renaissance Square in Stepanakert and a cross-country marathon organized by the Armenian Revolutionary Federation's youth wing that began from Armenia and ended in Shusha during the run up to May 9. "La battaglia continua a Shushi - ha scritto il funzionario usando il nome armeno della città -, aspettate e abbiate fede nel nostro esercito". The GRAD launcher was similar to the World War II-era Katyusha in that it did not have a guided missile system and hence the location of where it would hit was difficult to determine. "[34] The Armenian victory in Shusha had many Turkish officials accusing Armenia itself of seeking to invade the Azerbaijani exclave of Nakhichevan. [14], The advanced weaponry of tanks, armored fighting vehicles, fighter jets and helicopter gunships bought and used by both sides illustrated the emergence of the free-for-all weapons vacuum that appeared as the Soviet Union disintegrated. Filmati unici della battaglia alla periferia di Shushi, un gruppo speciale armeno e carri armati stanno sparando al nemico. [13], In February 1988, Nagorno-Karabakh had been an autonomous oblast for over sixty years inside the borders of the Azerbaijan SSR. Turkish diplomats organized "Turkic Summits" for Turkic nations that included Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Turkmenistan, and Uzbekistan to convince the leaders of the Central Asian countries to sever economic ties with Armenia and condemn its military involvement in Nagorno Karabakh. May 9 is now celebrated in Armenia and the Nagorno-Karabakh Republic as "The Day of the NKR’s Defence Army" and "The Day of Liberation of Shusha," respectively. The main type of artillery used in the bombardment, which began on January 10, 1992, was the Soviet-made BM-21 GRAD multiple rocket launcher, which was capable of firing 40 rockets in one volley. On the international stage it lobbied various organizations and promoted a pro-Azerbaijani bent of mediation and conflict resolution efforts. The Azerbaijanis had advantage in terms of the quantity and the quality of military equipment; they held numerical superiority and the high ground and, due to the strategic position of Shusha, the town could be easily defended. Tutti i fattori militari erano a favore dell'esercito azero. La forza armena era divisa in cinque compagnie, quattro delle quali (sotto il comando di Arkady Karapetyan, Valery Chitchyan, Samvel Babayan e Seyran Ohanyan) attaccavano da diverse direzioni, e il quinto (sotto comando di Yura Ovanisyan) rimaneva come riserva nel caso tutti i gruppi necessitassero di un rinforzo immediato. The loss of Shusha later led to mass demonstrations in Azerbaijan's capital of Baku against newly reinstated president Ayaz Mütallibov. А мы им ответили: “Пусть придут”, CRDA – VIII – Karabagh: Situations militaro-diplomatique, My Brother's Road: An American's Fateful Journey to Armenia, Spirit and Faith "Nagorno-Karabakh War" – Arkady Ter-Tadevosyan, Arkady Karapetyan and Jirayr Sefilian narrate the preparations for the battle and the details of the operation, Karabakh Leader Demands ‘Final Say’ In Peace Talks, Medal awarded to Armenian participants of the battle, General Dalibaltayan describes the liberation of Shushi on YouTube, Law on Abolishment of Nagorno-Karabakh Autonomous Oblast, Administrative divisions of the Republic of Artsakh, Azerbaijani Community of Nagorno-Karabakh, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Shusha_(1992)&oldid=1019360804, Battles involving the Republic of Artsakh, Articles containing Armenian-language text, Articles containing Azerbaijani-language text, Articles with Russian-language sources (ru), CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown, Articles with French-language sources (fr), Short description is different from Wikidata, Articles lacking reliable references from February 2021, Articles lacking reliable references from December 2011, Articles with unsourced statements from January 2021, Articles with Armenian-language sources (hy), Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, This page was last edited on 22 April 2021, at 22:09. The Battle of Shusha was the first significant military victory by Armenian forces during the First Nagorno-Karabakh War. Gli uomini di Orujev furono sostenuti da un contingente volontario ceceno guidato dal guerrigliero signore della guerra Shamil Basayev che fu tra gli ultimi a lasciare la città. L'8 maggio, le forze armene avevano ammassato una forza di quasi 1.000 combattenti per assaltare Shusha. Questa pagina è stata modificata per l'ultima volta il 7 dic 2020 alle 10:53. Help. Charged for failing to defend the cities of Shusha on 9th and later Lachin on 18th, he was forced to step down. [5] Before the offensive against the Shusha citadel was launched, Ter-Tadevosyan's forces launched an artillery barrage from several directions for several weeks in order to "soften up" the town's defenses. The Battle of Shusha[a] was the first significant military victory by Armenian forces during the First Nagorno-Karabakh War. On April 28 the main directions of the operation, the commanders, the resources at hand were finalized and defined.[24]. [29], Writer Markar Melkonian, brother of Nagorno Karabakh commander Monte Melkonian, would later write that "the capture of Shusha would go down in the annals of local lore as the most glorious victory" in the first half of the war. Gurgen Dalibaltayan ( armeno : Գուրգեն Դալիբալթայան ; 5 giugno 1926-1 settembre 2015) era un comandante militare armeno. All'alba dell'8 maggio, Ter-Tadevosyan diresse le sue forze da diverse direzioni, attaccando dai fianchi e dalla parte posteriore per evitare la cresta di fronte a Stepanakert che era la posizione più facilmente difendibile della città. Planning for the military operation began under the auspices of Colonel-General Gurgen Dalibaltayan with guidance from Arkady Ter-Tadevosyan. (di Andrea Gaspardo ) 20/07/20. As the two exchanged fire the Armenian tank, manned by Gagik Avsharyan, was hit by several rounds from the opposing T-72 and knocked out of commission. Nei giorni recenti si è registrato un inusuale risalto, sia da parte dei quotidiani che delle agenzie di stampa online, riguardo agli ultimi scontri che hanno opposto le forze armate della Repubblica d'Armenia a quelle della Repubblica dell'Azerbaigian. Sicché, ancor prima dell'inizio del conflitto[2], cominciò un incessante bombardamento contro infrastrutture militare armene ma anche abitazioni ed edifici civili. 27 - 28 Maggio 1905. All military factors were in favor of the Azerbaijani Army. On February 23, ten servicemen in the Russian-led CIS 366th Motorized Rifle Regiment (of the 23rd Motor Rifle Division, 4th Army) headquartered in Stepanakert, tasked with maintaining peace between the Armenians and Azerbaijanis, were injured and one was killed in a bombardment by artillery.
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